Three Strikes Law in South Florida Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Three Strikes Law in South Florida - Essay Example In the start of 1993, the central government embraced another methodology in serving equity to recurrent guilty parties. Twenty-three states embraced the three-strike law including South Florida. The rendition of the three-strike law changed from state to state, yet the law by and large diminished the legal tact through the ordering serious punishments for third crime feelings. The three-strike law had a constrained effect in many states remembering South Florida for the government framework. This is apparent from the way that the quantity of indicted criminals under the three-strike law was practically nothing. The quantity of indicted criminals under the three-strike law more than fifteen states went somewhere in the range of one and six individuals. Hence, the viability of the three-strike law was being referred to particularly in south Florida. The absence of effectives of the three strike laws in South Florida was because of the inadequately organized government drafted laws. This brought about weights to wipe out the three strike laws (Domanick, 2004). The three-strike laws in South Florida were costly to execute. This is clear from the extra expenses caused for pre-conviction prison time. There are additionally more expenses caused on the off chance that handling and preliminaries whereby respondents confronting three strikes pick the choice of going to preliminary instead of confessing. There was additionally an expansion in the quantity of the quantity of jail feelings on third and second tallies. This brought about congestion of detainment facilities and subsequently more costs acquired from jail building costs. Expanded length of jail sentences has prompted long haul costs. This is obvious from the way that the expenses brought about from the imprisonment of more established detainees are multiple times that of sound more youthful prisoners. The three-strike law didn't have the normal impact on wrongdoing in South Florida and different states, in the United States. This is a direct result of the explanation that that recurrent criminals in South Florida were at that point confronted with life sentences before condemning under the three-strike law. The effect of the three strike laws was to detain less genuine guilty parties whereby they were exposed to longer sentences for less genuine offenses. The law additionally influenced less genuine guilty parties to such an extent that it brought about the more extended sentences being served to wrongdoers, as they are maturing from their wrongdoing inclined years (Three strikes law: condemning: resolution, 2007). The three-strike law had lopsided and unintended effects in South Florida. One of the effects is seen from the drawn out jail condemning of less genuine violations. This impact was seen all through the states executing the three-strike law. The utilization of the three strike law had and lopsided execution relying upon the state locales. Consequently, this has brought about haggling and supplications from respondents, which put on a show of being a dete rrent to equity. This reality alone has brought about the strain to dispose of the three-strike law in South Florida. The three-strike law advanced racial dissimilarity. This is apparent from the way that the way that the effect of the three strike feelings were seen to lopsidedly influence the African-Americans. This was seen in the South Florida the quantity of indicted African-American criminals expanded with the strikes of feelings. Subsequently, this appears to be a racial inclination in the execution of equity inside the government framework. This along these lines brought about the end of the three-strike law in South Florida (Shichor, 1996). The use of the three-strike law had an irrelevant impact on the prevention of wrongdoing in South Florida. This is because of the explanation that the danger of discipline under the three-s

The link between the number of carbon atoms in a fuel with the amount of energy it releases :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

The connection between the quantity of carbon iotas in a fuel with the measure of vitality it discharges Alcohols by and large have a place with aggravates whose particles depend on chains of carbon iotas. They ordinarily contain one oxygen iota, which is joined to a carbon iota by a solitary bond. This makes them extraordinary to different mixes. The oxygen particle is joined to the hydrogen molecule as well as the carbon particle, which makes the oxygen a piece of a hydroxyl gathering. These molecules are commonly a piece of a hydrocarbon chain. These alcohols can remove water from the body, in which a hydrocarbon chain has supplanted a hydrogen particle. Alcohols have a general structure of CnH2n+1OH The point of this examination is to see the connection between the numbers of carbon particle in a fuel with the measure of vitality it discharges. There would be an adjustment in the measure of vitality emitted that is getting more prominent, the more carbon iotas in the fuel, the more there are more bonds to be broken and framed, subsequently creating more vitality. ‘In a substance response, bonds in the reactant particle are broken and new ones are framed. Iotas are revamped. Vitality must be placed in to break bonds, and vitality is given out when bonds are formed.’ When the all out vitality put in is more prominent than the vitality put out, the substance chills off (it is endothermic). This is communicated as Þ† +ve (delta positive). On the off chance that the all out vitality put in is not exactly the vitality made, at that point the substance heats up (it is exothermic). This is communicated as Þ† - ve (delta negative). I will examine eight distinct alcohols utilizing a liquor or soul burner, to gauge the vitality change during consuming them by estimating the adjustment in temperature of some water held by a holder. This compartment must have an estimation of explicit warmth limit so I could compute heat moved to it also. Presumably the most conductive holder accessible for use in the study hall is a calorimeter. Too as not squandering vitality in the warming of the holder, I could likewise attempt to prevent heat from getting away from the top and edges of the holder by covering it with a fitting top. I will attempt to keep the breeze from blowing the flares to an alternate bearing so all the windows must be close. Speculation More vitality is discharged as more bonds are framed, beneath is the rundown of rough vitality required to break and structure all bond associated with consuming alcohols Sort OF BOND ENERGY REQUIRED TO BREAK THE BOND (j)

2013 Tournament of Books Discussion BILLY LYNNs LONG HALF-TIME WALK by Ben Fountain

2013 Tournament of Books Discussion BILLY LYNNs LONG HALF-TIME WALK by Ben Fountain We here at Book Riot are huge  Tournament of Books fans, so this year were going to discuss each of the finalists in the weeks before the Tournament gets underway, in alphabetical order. You can find the  schedule of our discussions here. Read along with us!   Today, Kit Steinkellner and Nicole Perrin discuss Billy Lynns Long Halftime Walk by Ben Fountain. ____________________________ When I first started reading Billy Lynn’s Long Halftime Walk, I couldn’t figure out where I had heard the author Ben Fountain’s name before. A quick Google search later and I had it. Fountain was the hero of the opening anecdote of Malcolm Gladwell’s 2008 New Yorker essay “Late Bloomers.” In the piece, Gladwell details Fountain’s story, an associate at a real estate practice who quit his job to spend the bulk of the next 18 years sitting at his kitchen table working on short stories that would eventually form his sensationally-reviewed 2006 collection of short stories Brief Encounters With Che Guevara. Billy Lynn’s Long Halftime Walk , a novel detailing one day in the life of Specialist Billy Lynn on the last day of a media-intensive tour with his universally-acknowledged to be national heroes Bravo Squad, was published this spring to over-the-moon reviews. It ended up being a National Book Award Finalist. On my blog Books are my Boyfriends, my summation of the book was “ if this novel isn’t shortlisted for a Pulitzer I will punch myself in the face and put it on YouTube.” I still stand behind that statement. If I’m going to be completely transparent, I think the novel has a better shot at winning the Pulitzer than it does at winning the Tournament of Books. If I were a competing book I would not want to tango with fan favorites Gone Girl and The Fault in Our Stars. Plus. Billy Lynn also has the handicap of having to play in against two other modern war novels, Fobbit (by Book Riot’s own David Abrams!) and Kevin Johnson’s The Yellow Birds. I’ve not read either, though both are on my TBR list. Below, fellow Rioter Nicole and I discuss. ____________________________ KS: So what do you think about Billy Lynn having to earn its place in the tournament by competing in a war-novel play-in? (We all know Jeff O’Neal is not a fan of the “war novel ghetto,”) and honestly, I think it seems like this was the play-in idea the gamemakers had one or two ideas before they were going to have the REALLY GOOD play-in idea. NP: I think it’s intriguing but ultimately unfair. The three war novels chosen, Billy Lynn, Fobbit, and The Yellow Birds, spent much of last year being compared to one another, which makes sense. I myself plan to do a series on my blog discussing the three of them, once I’ve read The Yellow Birds. One of the questions everyone has been asking and attempting to answer is how far down the road we are to creating a real “post-9/11 literature,” and a narrative of the post-9/11 wars. It makes sense to look at war novels as a group to answer that question, but limiting their presence in the wider culture of books to a single “war-novel slot” seems to do the opposite. Further, it divorces those wars from the rest of the culture, when part of the whole question these books ask is how they fit into the rest of the culture. So I think the comparison is a worthwhile exercise in its own right, but to shoehorn it into a larger tournament falls somewhere between “contrived” and “ discriminatory” for me. Since you’re a big fan of Billy Lynn but haven’t read either of the other books in the mini-category, what would you say is Billy Lynn’s biggest flaw, and what are your thoughts about how it contributes to a cultural narrative about the war? KS: Well I know it would be cheating to say I think the biggest flaw was that the book was “too short,” and I am no cheater! I think that the third-person voice of the novel is electric and shocking, no qualms there, but in the dialogue the soldiers voices tended to bleed together (I know there’s some authorial intent there, indicating the dominance of group-think, but still) and every once in awhile the skewering of Texans felt like cheap shots. As far as how it contributes to our cultural narrative of war, I deeply appreciate that this is a war novel that takes place at home. The most hilarious and horrifying insights in the novel come from how Billy and his squad are received during their heroes’ tour, by everyone from family members to Hollywood execs to Dallas Cowboys cheerleaders. Reactions vary, but there is an unnerving undercurrent running through all their encounters with civilians: no one REALLY knows how to deal with these boys. Home no longer feels like home. Bravo Squad is the only place where these young men feel safe. And Bravo Squad is going back to Iraq at the end of the novel. The questions this novel raises regarding where young military people belong once they’ve experienced the arena of war, are so weighty and complicated and so worthy of fiction. What about you, Nicole? Biggest strength of the novel and biggest flaw? How do YOU feel it contributes to the war narrative? And if you were a gambling man, what kind of odds would you place on Billy Lynn in the Tournament? NP: Your last question is the hardest one, since we don’t yet know how the pre-game aspect of the tournament will really work. I think it has a solid shot of making it into the main round, but I think the field of war novels is going to be close. My bet is that Billy Lynn will win because it is, as you point out, a war novel that takes place at home. I think the novel’s biggest strength is in its absurdity and overall gonzo-ness. The Bravos don’t just star in any halftime show, they star in a Dallas Cowboys halftime show. And not just any Cowboys game, but the Thanksgiving Day game. Billy doesn’t find just any girl to connect and make out with, but a Cowboys cheerleader. And of course, they’re not just any group of soldiers, but one with a serious possibility of having a movie made about them. And that deal hangs precariously not just for all the usual reasons a movie deal might, but also because they’re about to get sent back into a war zone where they might die before they can sign on the dotted line. But that “no one REALLY knows how to deal with these boys” was a major weakness for me. Billy certainly feels that way, and he rejects the poor attempts at a connection with him from everyone he meets. But Billy, of course, isn’t writing the novel; Ben Fountain is. I read this as a civilian basically saying that no civilian can ever hope to have a connection with the soldiers they employbut a civilian puts himself in a soldier’s shoes to make that point. I think that many Americans do feel that way. Many people are certainly aware of the small segment of the population that makes up the military, and feel culturally divorced from that side of the country. “We,” in some sense, seem to be afraid that we can’t understand these men and women, no matter how hard we try, and Billy Lynn confirms and reaffirms the separateness of civilian from soldier. I wasn’t completely satisfied with how Billy resolved this for himself at the end of the novel, so it remains a weak point fo r me. What do you think about Billy’s voice? Do you think it comes across as unrealistically introspective and articulate (he is a young guy, after all), or did you buy that these were his thoughts, and not those of a novelist writing about a young soldier? KS: What I liked so much about Billy’s voice was that he was clearly an unusually perceptive young man, but didn’t have the liberal-arts-graduate-speak to communicate his ideas, so the result ended up feeling like a fractured self-awareness (as opposed to a witty, bantery, and ultimately irritating self-awareness.) I really like him as a character who feels like he could be book smart if only someone was making him do his required reading, I thought that was an original, honest, and ultimately heartbreaking choice. Sign up to Unusual Suspects to receive news and recommendations for mystery/thriller readers. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Celebrating the Queer in Amsterdam - 693 Words

I think the celebration of LGBT identities in Amsterdam from the article Gay Men and Lesbians in the Netherlands by Gert Hekma and Jan Willem Duyvendak to the movie we watched was an interesting look at LGBT struggles (or lack of struggles) and identities found in the Netherlands in comparison to the United States. At first glance, from both the movie and the article, Amsterdam just seems like a wild, amazing time for people of all sexualities. Equality has been reached. Hallelujah! Lets party! Beyond this outward appearance of equality and acceptance, Amsterdams LGBT culture must be unpacked and examined beyond just gay people partying a lot like in the documentary. I think the article Gay Men and Lesbians in the Netherlands did a pretty good job of unpacking Amsterdams LGBT culture but a criticism I have is that the article pretty much forgot bisexuals and trans people in its analysis of Amsterdams gay culture. Bi and trans erasure is a thing that regularly occurs in both straight and gay spaces so I was not surprised by this but it is telling about both the authors and Amsterdam in general. This is a connection that will be addressed because we did read articles on both bisexual and trans people. Amsterdam, in its goal to become the gay haven of the world, has conveniently forgotten about everybody else in the LGBT struggle including many people of color, and that must be tackled for positive change to occur. As the article Gay Men and Lesbians in theShow MoreRelatedZanele Muholis Photograph, Miss Lesbian2283 Words   |  9 PagesThis essay will focus on Zanele Muholi’s photograph entitled, Miss Lesbian. (Zanele Muholi, Miss Lesbian I. Amsterdam, 2009, C-print photograph of a performance taken by Sean Fitzpatrick, 76, 5 x 50, 5 cm.) To deepen the interpretation and analysis of this photograph, I will be using work done by John B. Thompson and will be using his theories of the five symbolic forms (Intention, Convention, Structure, Reference and Contex t.) along with some of John.B Thompson’s other theories, with some reference

Starbucks Delivering Customer Service Essay - 1106 Words

PROBLEM STATEMENT Starbucks has discovered that they are not always meeting their customers’ expectations in the area of customer satisfaction. Starbucks has to come up with an action plan to address this issue, considering its significant correlation and impact to sales and profitability. SITUATION ANALYSIS Company Starbucks is acclaimed for its superior value proposition in the early 1990’s by creating an experience around the consumption of coffee, a ‘third place’. The brand is positioned to offer the highest quality coffee, close customer intimacy, and warm atmosphere or ambience. Customers However, data from the market research team has shown that there is a shift on Starbucks’ brand recognition in customers’†¦show more content†¦Surveys and analysis have been carried out to gather data and understand more about the key attributes to increase customer satisfaction. Exhibit 4 points out that friendlier and faster service is highly expected as well as free cup and lower prices incentive programs. In addition, Exhibit 5 illustrates being ‘treated as a valuable customer’ and ‘friendly staff’ hold more value compare to ‘fast service’, while ‘fast service’ and ‘appropriate prices’ are perc eived equally important. Competitors Starbucks faces competition from variety of small-scale specialty coffee chains, such as Caribou Coffee, Peet’s Coffee and Tea, Dunkin Donuts, and thousands of independent specialty coffee shops. Each of them applies different strategies to differentiate itself from Starbucks; some of them deliver highly personalized service. Complements Starbucks has introduced stored-value card (SVC), which is one of its successful service innovation to its customers. This prepaid and swipe-able smart card was positively accepted, resulting in sales of 6 million cards and $160 million in revenues in the first year it was launched. Starbucks has learned that cardholders tend to visit Starbucks twice as often and experience reduced transaction times. This SVC also proves to bring new customers to Starbucks’ brand. ALTERNATIVES After carefully analyzing the situation, the best plans are to improveShow MoreRelatedStarbucks : Delivering Customer Service1278 Words   |  6 Pagesì‹  Ã¬  Å"í’ˆë §Ë†Ã¬ ¼â‚¬Ã­Å'… ì ¡ °Ã« ³â€ž ì‚ ¬Ã« ¡â‚¬ ë °Å"í‘Å" Starbucks : Delivering Customer Service Contents †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Case Summary Company Background The Starbucks Value Proposition Delivering on Service Caffeinating the World Starbucks’ Market Research: Trouble Brewing? Rediscovering the Starbucks Customer †¢ Suggestion Case Summary †¢ 5% ann. sales growth during 11years in a row (~2002) †¢ close to a recession-proof product (Howard Schultz) †¢ Lack of strategic marketing group and customer relationship management : OverlookingRead MoreStarbucks: Delivering Customer Service1374 Words   |  6 PagesStarbucks: Delivering Customer Service Starbucks is dominant coffee brand in North America, which also is well-known worldwide. Established in 1971 as coffee shop oriented to a niche of coffee purists, in late 1980’s it turned to be a constantly growing chain of stores that sold whole-beans and premium-priced coffee to mostly affluent, well-educated customers. In years 1992-2002 company was showing at least 5% annual growth. And by 2002 Starbucks was serving already 20M customers in 5886 storesRead MoreStarbucks Delivering Customer Service2297 Words   |  10 PagesSatisfied And Highly Satisfied Customers The story of Starbucks transformation from a small independent coffee shop tucked away in a corner of Seattle’s Pike Place Market to a cultural phenomenon spanning the globe is legendary. A number of factors have been attributed to the success - one being a keen understanding of its patrons. There are multiple methods used to obtain customer information and the value derived therein. Customer lifetime value is one. Customers are assets, and their valuesRead MoreStarbucks: Delivering Customer Service2332 Words   |  10 PagesSTARBUCKS: DELIVERING CUSTOMER SERVICE Background Case P.1 ïÆ'   According to their data, Starbucks are not always meeting our customers’ expectations in the area of customer satisfaction. They came up with a plan to invest an additional $40 million annually in the company’s 4,500 stores, which would allow each store to add the equivalent of 20 hours of labor a week. The idea is to improve speed of service and thereby increase customer satisfaction. P.1 ïÆ'   Day, Starbucks’ senior vice president ofRead MoreStarbucks: Delivering Customer Service2050 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: Starbucks faces a difficult and controversial management challenge. The company’s most recent market research has revealed unexpected findings implicating that Starbuck is not always meeting customer’s expectations in the area of customer satisfaction. The purpose of this memo is to analyze and provide recommendation on whether or not the company should go forth with a $40 million investment in additional labor in the stores. This $40 million investment is necessary in order to bringRead MoreStarbucks : Delivering Customer Service1155 Words   |  5 PagesPROBLEM STATEMENT Starbucks has discovered that they are not always meeting their customers’ expectations in the area of customer satisfaction. Starbucks has to come up with an action plan to address this issue, considering its significant correlation and impact to sales and profitability. SITUATION ANALYSIS Company Starbucks is acclaimed for its superior value proposition in the early 1990’s by creating an experience around the consumption of coffee, a ‘third place’. The brand is positionedRead MoreEssay on Starbucks : Delivering Customer Service1476 Words   |  6 PagesStarbucks: Delivering Customer Service Starbucks: Delivering Customer Service The elusive goal of customer satisfaction has long provided companies with endless headaches and difficult decisions. In the end, associating specific customer satisfaction metrics to company profit and loss would provide the undeniable proof needed to make changes, and then invest the required capital to address any concerns. Starbucks, not unlike the rest of the business world, has found itself in the same situationRead MoreStarbucks: Delivering Customer Service3831 Words   |  16 PagesStatement of the Problem How can Starbucks increase customer satisfaction while growing at the same time? Recommended Course of Action After evaluating each alternative (Exhibit 2), we recommend that Starbucks invest $40 million per year to increase labor hours per store in order to solve the problem with the quality of service. Starbucks should also set up an internal strategic marketing team. This will allow Starbucks to have a proactive feedback of customer satisfaction and hence faster improvementRead MoreStarbucks : Delivering Customer Service1149 Words   |  5 PagesPROBLEM STATEMENT Starbucks has discovered that they are not always meeting their customers’ expectations in the area of customer satisfaction. Starbucks has to come up with an action plan to address this issue, considering its significant correlation and impact to sales and profitability. SITUATION ANALYSIS Company Starbucks is acclaimed for its superior value proposition in the early 1990’s by creating an experience around the consumption of coffee, a ‘third place’. The brand is positionedRead MoreStarbucks : Delivering Customer Service Overview Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesStarbucks: Delivering Customer Service Overview Problem statement: In 2002, market exploration has exposed that Starbucks has an opening in gathering its consumer’s outlooks in relations of customer pleasure. On explanation of the marketing research statistics, Christine Day, Senior Vice President determined that the speediness of service was the foremost motive for this deterioration in customer contentment. So she proposed to increase the service period such that each order is served within 3 minutes

Leadership Structure in the Local Church Free Essays

Structure for Church Ministry By Geraldine Rowe A Paper Presented to Professor Dr. Epps In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For Research for Scholarly Writing College of Biblical Studies Houston, Texas October 14, 2010 ? Leadership Structure for Church Ministry The local church has not exhibited consistent patterns of lay leadership. Most denominations articulate the Reformation principle of a universal priesthood, while vacillating with changing times and pressures. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Structure in the Local Church or any similar topic only for you Order Now At both the local and denominational levels organizations have expanded the role of lay persons which may or may not require them to be educated clergy. Organization structure of the local church whether modern or traditional empowers themselves to announce the word, administer the sacraments and to call and discipline ministers and laity. Believers in Christ connect simultaneously as a congregation to manage the work that Jesus requested. The general values that can be acclimatized to fit the features of â€Å"the local church† were established by the early church to do ministry. These values can be directed to the constitution or bylaws of a localized place of worship in modern times. Concentration should be given to the reason and objective of the local church preventing them from dropping into the complacency of just â€Å"doing church. † In architecture, one of the most significant notions is that the church balances between covenant theology and proliferated leadership roles. To explore this notion a closer look is given to church models and their leadership philosophies, beginning with the authority or â€Å"head† of the church. The first and most significant part of the church’s structure is the Head Shepherd who is Jesus Christ (Ephesians 1:22-23, 4:15-16). Underneath the Head Shepherd, there is an assembly of under shepherds (overseers, elders or pastors). Historically, from the perspective of Anglicans, Puritans, and Presbyterians all early Baptist preachers were lay, meaning they did not receive Episcopal or Presbyterian ordination. One example was Thomas Collier, who joined one of the seven London churches and served as an itinerant evangelist. He, through the use of the press gained great influence of Particular Baptists. Lay preachers were the chief means for the advancement of Baptist in the American frontier. Today, however the Pastor no longer functions merely as preachers, chief administrators or ordinances, counselors, and general leaders. They have become executives or administrators who perform numerous functions. They interface disillusionment when they discover that it requires something very different. They become the â€Å"hired hands† instead of God-called ministers. The common options for handling this issue seems to be emphasize the equipping role of the pastor and other professionals while seeking to acknowledge an array of functions and leadership in the churches today. The leadership of the church depends largely upon its doctrine and how closely the pastor is to follow its bylaws. One view is that of the church as a covenant community which has deep roots in biblical as well as free-church traditions. Max Stackhouse wrote on â€Å"free church Calvinism† which had a strong influence on the Puritans who left the Church of England. He describes it like this: â€Å"A covenantal people live under the law of God, and find themselves empowered to live together by the love of God. God is the source and sustainer of the covenant ecclesia. Though the initiator of the covenant of God, the church also in a sense a voluntary community. The covenant is voluntary in the sense that it is not a community given by birth in a family, class or nation. People must choose to be an active member. This is so even if, in another sense, it is not voluntary at all. God initiates the covenant, humans only receive it, as signified by baptism. This doctrine if properly adopted eliminates the temptation of self-interest, isolation and the disregard for the claims of others. Statistic show however that among Southern Baptist Churches the denomination has been restricted by geography and economist to the South, and by racism. Additionally, many southern Baptist have embraced the pluralistic value of urban life and advance education. Covena ntalism, in its original intent could guide a system which recognizes different influences and authorities, and to give a voice to diverse groups and individuals. A church is both an organism and an organization. According to New Testament writers the church is defined as the â€Å"body of Christ† (1 Corinthians 12) also â€Å"the bride of Christ† (Revelation 19). These scriptures personify the church as a living organism. This organism lives under the leadership of the spirit of Christ as it works in the life of believers which prompts them to begin a congregation. An effective leader strives to keep the congregation attached to its source of energy thereby keeping people focused on the One who corporately gives them strength and direction. This organism can be dynamic or it can become weak and sickly. As an organism its life and energy must be cared for much liken to one who would care for a living being. The Church is also an organization as defined by Webster. It is â€Å"any unified, consolidated group of elements; systematized whole; a) a body of persons organized for some specific purpose†. As an organization the Church has form, structure, a mission to perform, clientele, constituents, programs, a way of doing business, financial systems, a corporate culture, and many other attributes of any other organization whether secular or sacred. The effective leader needs to understand the nature of its organization and attempt to lead the church carrying out its mission. Leaders of the Bible like Moses, Joshua, David, Nehemiah, Jesus, Paul and others had goals and envisioned the end results as they pushed themselves and led others. Any effective leader can enlist people around them to commit to common purpose. They motivate others to dream the dreams, see the visions, and work toward the goals that have been set. This servant leader strives to build trust between leader and effective balance so that leadership compliments one another. This frees him up to preach the gospel. When a leader is overly task oriented he will do whatever it takes to accomplish the task at hand. People are not very important. The danger here is that the leader directs more attention to the organization than the organism. The most consistent lay leadership role in ministry in Baptist Churches has been that of Deacon. The work of the Deacon is to serve tables, providing the Lord Supper. They are to partner with the Pastor as bond servants and overseers according to Phil 1:1. Likewise his attributes should reconcile with the description of overseer given in 1Tim 3:1-13. The position of Deacon and other church officers and ministries are accountable when heading up a successful church organization. Patterson makes this point clear in his writings about leading from the second chair. A second chair leader may be defined as â€Å"anyone in a subordinate whole whose influence with others adds value throughout the organization. It could refer to the second or the fourth or fifth person of the organization chart. According to this writer the second chair leader should learn from the paradoxes from the reflection on the life of Joseph in the book of Genesis. If the overseers are out of order and dysfunctional, the entire congregation suffers from confusion and strife that eventually weakens the church preventing it to function according to its original purpose. The biblical purpose of the church is the Great Commission as stated in Matthew 28:19-20. Its mission, or the way in which its purpose is carried out, is stated in Acts 2:42-47 as evangelism, discipleship, worship, ministry, prayer, and fellowship. The leader of the second chair understands the mission of the church and has developed a vision of what the purpose of the church is and is committed to that mission and vision. In conclusion, many changes have taken place in the local church since its Reformation principals. Some of these changes have raised the awareness of social injustices and much progress has been made in the areas of diversity. Many of the post modern adjustments that were made in order to accommodate a diverse society however have proven to weaken its effectiveness in a dying world. Over a period of time the church has become stagnate and content with the way things are being done been under the umbrella of â€Å"the church†. Distractions such as church membership, financial budgets, and annual programs have taken the forefront of too many local congregations. They exist to survive or survive to exist and totally lose sight of its mandate to teach the Word of God, win people to a saving knowledge of Christ, grow people in Christ- likeness, and minister to one another. The Leaders and Overseers should re-evaluate their agenda. They should nurture the passion for work to which they have been called and keep their eyes on the mission and purpose of the church or whatever group/organization they are leading. This will eradicate confusion, hostility, misunderstandings, controversy and selfish agendas. They should be determined to lead the church to develop strong, positive Kingdom agendas that clearly contributes to the advancement of the cause of Christ in the world. How to cite Leadership Structure in the Local Church, Papers

War is Peace Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear Essay Example

War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear Essay In William Shakespeares classic tragedy, King Lear, certain characters flawed sense of perception allows the fundamental structures of reality to be completely turned upside-down and gives shape to the plays holistic metaphor of a life cycle in ultimate death and rebirth. The world created for King Lears story is one where the idea of perception weighs heavily on every action and every move made the characters. False realities allow ostensible evil to perpetuate itself. The very fact that the plays overarching metaphor envelopes the death and rebirth of certain perceptions symbolizes that in the world within the play, one perceives another is king. Furthermore, within the world of King Lear, the instruments used to stimulate such rebirths of perception are natural and uncontrollable. Whether it be a natural and uncontrollable physical ailment such as blindness or insanity, or something as natural as the weather, only pure naturals that are unable to be manipulated by the perpetuators of these false realities can break these false perceptions, beginning the life cycle again. The idea of a natural stimulus only further qualifies this metaphor. Under the blanket theme of perception and the overarching interpretation of King Lear as a story of death and rebirth comes the often-used motif of vision. Sight and blindness in the literal sense, as well as the metaphorical sense, plays a large role in the greater theme of perception and helps to craft the death/rebirth metaphor of the play through the characters Lear and Gloucester. The reader can see these themes portrayed and embodied within the two main characters withthe largest perceptual ailments: Lear and Gloucester. We will write a custom essay sample on War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The very beginnings of Lears false reality start to aggravate him from the start of the play. In Act 1, Scene 1 Lear divides his kingdom among his two obedient daughters, Goneril and Regan. Cordelia, the honest daughter, is banished along with the Earl of Kent for attempting to stick up for her. This instance alone perfectly portrays one of the ways in which Lear views the world. Lear speaks of Cordelia, with those infirmities she owes,/ unfriended, new-adpoted to our hate, /dowered with our curse and strangered with our oath (I. i, 231-234). This shows that he thinks of her to be dishonest and uses adoption and dowry imagery to further outline her ostensible betrayal. Because Lear was told he was wise from birth, his perceptions of reality are quite warped. The idea of vision appears here because Lear is unable to see Goneril and Regan for what they really are: disloyal. He is unable to view his devoted followers, Kent and Cordelia, for what they really are as well. Ironically enough, Kent later returns to Lear in disguise and is welcomed as Lears new right-hand man. This is another perfect example of Lears false perceptions affecting his better judgment. He trusts a complete stranger and banishes a loyal friend; although, unbeknownst to him, they are one and the same. In this instance, it happens to work towards Lears advantage, driving him closer to rebirth. Since Lear is driven to a revival despite these false pretenses, undying loyalty and friendship are portrayed as completely natural occurrences, even if the recipient is blind to them at the time. In the very next act, the Earl of Gloucester parallels King Lears behavior of the first act almost exactly, showing the audience a dramatic representation of his own perceptual ailment. Just as Lear was blind to the truth about his daughters, Gloucester is blind to the truth about his sons. In Act 2, Scene 1 Edmund, Gloucesters illegitimate son, not only convinces the legitimate heir to flee from the castle through lies and duplicity but uses the same means to convince Gloucester to have Edgar found and murdered. In this scene, we can see that Gloucester lives in a false reality similar to Lears-a reality perpetrated by lies, betrayal and arguably, evil. Gloucester speaks, O strange and fastened villain! / Would he deny this letter said he? I never got him. (II. ii 89-91). He shares the same visual ailment of blindness to the truth of his world and the true characters of others. As Lears loyal follower, Kent, returned in disguise to aid Lear on the road to perceptual death and rebirth, Gloucesters loyal and loving son, Edgar, initiates the exact same process for Gloucester. Lear and Gloucesters physical manifestations of their inner ailments differ; as do the means their loving counterparts used to take them to the edge and back, but they both do reach the end of their false reality. Nature, backed by love and tragedy, crack their perceptions wide open come the middle of the play. In Act 3, Lear begins to descend much further into insanity. As he is kicked out of both Goneril and Regans castles, he flees into a tremendous storm with his fool in a fit of absolute rage. As the storm progresses in Act 3, Lear grows more and more insane. The raging tempest here mirrors the state of Lears mind and the turmoil his life has become since he has given away his kingdom and crown to his treacherous daughters. His flaw in perception has simply cost him too much. Lear screams, Blow winds, and crack your cheeks! Rage, blow! / You cataracts, spout/ till you have drenched our steeples drowned the/ cocks Crack natures molds, all germens spill at once that makes ingrateful man. (III. ii. 1-11) In this passage, using incredibly natural imagery Lear almost personifies his inner battle by challenging the storm itself. Lears own insanity and the tempest outside are the naturals that bring his perceptions to a breaking point. As this shattered man becomes madder and madder, he continues to beckon the storm to give him its best shot. He is then led to a hovel by Kent and later to a safe house by Gloucester who, sinking further into his own false reality by trusting Edmund with pertinent information, helps to remove Lear from his respective false reality. Gloucester tells Edgar (disguised as poor Tom) to remove Lear from the situation and take him to the French camp in Dover to be with Cordelia. In Scene 4, Lears madness progresses as he comes closer and closer to his own perceptual rebirth as he exclaims, Thuo thinkst much that this contentious storm/ invades us to the skin. So tis thee. But where the greater malady is fixed,/ the lesser scarce is felt (III. iv. 8-11) and, O, that way madness lies. Let me shut that;/ No more of that (III. iv. 24-25). He then removes himself from the safe shelter that his loyal friends Kent and Gloucester have found for him and tears the clothes off of his body screaming, Thou art the thing itself; unaccommodated/ man is no more but such a poor, bare,/ forked animal as thou art. Off, off, you lendings! /; Come, unbutton here (III. iv. 113-116). He then rages through the storm alone and completely naked, defying the elements. Meanwhile, a war is brooding between England and France; Lears loyal Cordelia is wed to Frances King who plans to invade England shortly. In Act 3, Lear has finally reached his perceptual death and rebirth. As the storm represents his inner mind, he literally battles it bare to the skin. He faces his own demons and puts himself on the edge of death at the hands of nature itself. Lear reverts himself to an almost too obvious metaphor for a man reborn as he strips naked and thunders against his personal evils as he realized himself earlier A man more sinned against than sinning (III. ii. 62-63). As he finishes waging this individualists war, it is made symbolically known that his false reality has been cracked by nature and his perception has died and is being reborn while Edgar carries him to Dover. Edgar, in this play, represents a normative figure a figure of love and loyalty that is represented in the world of the play as something natural. Lear rests in the arms of such a character and is carried to the city of Dover, the literal edge of England, looking out onto the ocean. At these natural boundaries, they have reached the metaphorical edge of sanity and where they will both begin again. The journey continues to bring Lear to Cordelia, the figure of honesty and forgiveness in the play, who is also the representation of the edge of truth and the possibility for new life. In Act 3, Scene 6 Lear, in his incredible madness, puts Goneril and Regan on trial in his mind for their outrageous betrayal, showing an acceptance of a very sane truth, albeit taking an insane road to get there. But, in Lears world, the natural ailment of insanity is part of the means that breaks the somewhat unnatural false reality hed been living in, perpetuated by the warped perceptions of his surroundings. At the end of Act Three, Lear can see again. In Edgars arms en route to Dover, he can truly see that what is happening is real, and he understands the reasons for these occurrences. Lear exclaims, Draw the curtains. / So, so, well go to supper I th/ morning (III. vi. 89-90). Here he validates the end of a scene, so to speak, as his own battle has ended. In Act Four, the motif of vision and sight shape the theme of perception an incredible level through the characters Gloucester and Edgar. The idea of perception helping to make the overall theme of death and rebirth in the play is extremely apparent in act 4, scene 6. Earlier in the act, Gloucester is literally blinded by the Duke of Cornwall, Goneril and Regan at the orders of his son, Edmund for his treason in helping Lear. These are some of the same people who had kept Gloucester figuratively blind to truth and reality for so long through intangible treachery. Now that Gloucester is physically blind, he stumbles upon Edgar (disguised as poor Tom) who agrees to lead Gloucester to a Dover cliff where he will jump to his death. Here, Edgar plays with his fathers perceptions to no end, to trick him into thinking he is jumping off of the cliff when they are actually on flat ground. . In this scene we see Edgar completely toying with Gloucesters perceptions as he says, Youre much deceived; in nothing am I changed but in my garments (IV. Vi. 12-13). He convinces Gloucester they are on a hill by telling him they are laboring, and blaming his literal blindness for the deafening of his hearing to the ocean roaring below. Then between lines 15 and 30 he describes the buoy out in the distance, the fisherman as small as an ant and an image of being above the seagulls. Edgar is using all natural imagery in this scene to coax his father into a perceived suicide in order to cure him from his despair. This scene uses a literal perceptual death as Edgar leads his father up to a natural, perceived cliff that doesnt really exist (mirroring his false realities as they were) and letting him believe he has jumped off of it when he keels over on flat ground. At the bottom of this perceived cliff Edgar (in a new disguise) makes him believe that poor Tom was a demon, and the only way he could have survived that fall was through divine intervention by saying, Think that the clearest gods, who make them honors/ of mens impossibilities, have preserved thee (IV. Vi. 90-91). He again, then, goes through a manipulating description of the cliff and birds above, all natural images, to bring his father to cure for the time being. There is nothing more natural in life than death, so as Edgar uses the perceptual suicide to attempt to cure his father from his false realities and despair, it further proliferates the idea of only pure elements of life are strong enough to start the metaphoric life cycle in motion. Lear and Gloucester have now been effectively reborn and completed their own perceptual life cycles that help to build the plays main death and rebirth: a societal rebirth. Now Lear waxes philosophically in Act 4, Scene 6, speaking more sanely and with more realism than anyone else, anywhere else in the play. A man may see how this world/ goes with no eyes. Look with thine ears. See how/ yond justice rails upon yond simple thief (IV. vi. 165-168). He then goes to oscillate almost haphazardly between images of life and death including an actual image of lamenting birth to come to this great stage of fools. This is intriguing because, although it is at the height of his madness, it is after his proposed rebirth and in a rational mind an ailment such as insanity should ostensibly distort reality and perception. Yet, in Lears case, the effect is exactly the opposite. Gloucester too, now completely blind, sees the world feelingly. Just as Lear, he sees and understands more than he ever has and more than most/all other characters in the play. In Act Five of the play, the life cycle(s) is completed on many different levels. Lear has already been reunited with Cordelia, the heavenly figure of forgiveness in the play. Gloucester dies effectively of a broken heart as he is torn between joy and grief after learning and accepting his sorrows in Act 4 as his personal life cycle comes to a close. Lear and Cordelia are incarcerated after the battle with France ends and Cordelia dies first. Then, as the Duke of Albany is making plans to restore order to the Kingdom, Lear himself dies as his personal life cycle has ended. The only surviving characters are Kent, Edgar, and the Duke of Albany. The Duke of Albany survives as the one normative, pseudo-monarchical character to act as the political figure in the new world. Hence, a completely new society is birthed as the story of Lear comes to a close. Kent and Edgar, the catalysts for Lear and Gloucesters perceptual rebirths further the connection between sight and perception in the play by utilizing false visual pretenses. Yet they remain the loyal, honorable figures of the play, and manage to survive. Their survival symbolizes and edifies the idea that perception in any vein shapes the larger themes in life, death, and rebirth. The interesting thing about the overarching, societal life cycle at work in this play is that it really does circumvent. By the end of the play, the entire social structure of Lears world evaporates and a new foundation is born to take its place. The catalyst for the societal and overriding rebirth of the play is not only perception embodied by two of the main characters, but the war between France and England. The fact that the impending war is a major motif of action entwining with and inflicting on the general theme of perception is something that breeds thought. The correspondence of letters between treacherous parties ultimately falling into the wrong hands proves to be either major proliferators or ultimate destroyers of certain characters false realities. The use of the war as a device in the play is incredibly fascinating because it even overarches the theme of perception because war itself can change perception. This fact leads me to conclude that the author may have seen war as something as inevitable within peace as death is within life. As individual characters have their own perceptual rebirths, the catalysts being completely natural, the political society and the world of Lear also had its rebirth with its catalyst being not only a shine of reality, but also the absolute war between France and England. Thus, war is portrayed not only as an inevitability in the cycle, but also as an incredibly natural piece of reality. War is shown to change perception and shed light where darkness lies and to stimulate the societal cycle of a complete rebirth of values, ethics and politics. The idea of literal and metaphorical vision and sight in terms of perception helps to absolutely shape the overarching death/rebirth metaphor at work in King Lear as we can see by exploring the language within the text itself. Through Lear and Gloucesters characters we see how literal sight coincides with metaphorical sight and how their individual perceptions alter in co ordinance with their individual rebirths. We also see how they, in turn, play a significant role in the ultimate death and rebirth of society and the world created within the play itself. The idea of war, battle, and correspondence plays a large role in shaping the plays overall metaphor as well, but those themes also overlap with the larger theme of ones perceptions and false realities along with the idea that only pure naturals yield the power to change these perceptions or crack the aforementioned false realities. King Lear, as a play, explores many aspects of the human mind, and, as it could be argued to be Shakespeares most perceptually based work it is way ahead of its time. Although one might literally be able to see what is apparent, directly in front of their eyes, they may falter in seeing truth in a situation, and as seen through Gloucesters rebirth, this idea works both ways. The play as a whole makes the idea of perception an extremely important one as it is the thread that connects motif to metaphor in more than one sense. The society within the play can be seen as almost allegorical, or at least bearing some connection to the reality we live in as it is quite cyclic. The fact that these seemingly cyclical motifs within the play help to shape the overall metaphor of a cycle itself, whatever it may be, may lead the reader to look at the cycles in his or her own life and to see the overriding truth that seeps out of William Shakespeares, King Lear.